Table of Contents
What is a allopolyploidy in biology?
: a polyploid individual or strain having a chromosome set composed of two or more chromosome sets derived more or less complete from different species.
What are examples of Allopolyploids?
The cell or the organism in allopolyploidy state is referred to as allopolyploid. Wheat is an example of an allopolyploid with six chromosome sets. For instance, a cross between tetraploid wheat Triticum (AAAA) and rye Secale (BB) would produce a hybrid progeny with a chromosomal composition of AAB.
What does polyploidy mean?
polyploidy, the condition in which a normally diploid cell or organism acquires one or more additional sets of chromosomes. In other words, the polyploid cell or organism has three or more times the haploid chromosome number.
What is the difference between an Autopolyploid and an allopolyploid?
The main difference between autopolyploidy and allopolyploidy is that autopolyploidy is the containment of multiple sets of chromosomes that are derived from the same species whereas allopolyploidy is the containment of multiple sets of chromosomes that are derived from different species.
What is meant by autopolyploidy?
: an individual or strain whose chromosome complement consists of more than two complete copies of the genome of a single ancestral species.
Is wheat an Alloploid?
Pasta wheat is an allotetraploid. Overall (Table 1), the wheat group contains 13 diploid species and 18 allopolyploid species (Kihara 1924, 1954; Sax 1927; Sears 1948, 1969; Kihara et al. In historical terms, allotetraploid wheat developed about 300,000 to 500,000 years ago (Huang et al.
Why are Autopolyploids usually sterile?
Autopolyploidy results from a failure of the chromosomes to separate during meiosis. Offspring produced in this way are normally infertile because they have an uneven number of chromosomes that won’t pair correctly during meiosis. When two of these gametes (2n) combine, the resulting offspring are tetraploid (4n).
Are humans polyploidy?
Humans. Polyploidy occurs in humans in the form of triploidy, with 69 chromosomes (sometimes called 69, XXX), and tetraploidy with 92 chromosomes (sometimes called 92, XXXX). Triploidy, usually due to polyspermy, occurs in about 2–3% of all human pregnancies and ~15% of miscarriages.
What is aneuploidy and polyploidy?
Aneuploidy is the presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell. There is an extra chromosome present in this case. Polyploidy is the presence of the extra set of the chromosome in the cells. There is a complete new set of the chromosome present.
Why are Allopolyploids usually sterile?
Allopolyploidy: Allopolyploidy occurs when two closely related species mate and produce a hybrid containing chromosome sets from both parent species. The resulting hybrid is usually sterile because the chromosomes from each species cannot pair correctly during meiosis.
What is the most common example of autopolyploidy?
The cell or organisms in autopolyploid condition is called an autopolyploid. Natural autopolyploids are Tolmiea menzisii (piggyback plant) and Acipenser transmontanum (white sturgeon). In agricultural setting, autopolyploidy (particularly, autotriploidy) is applied in producing seedlessness in watermelon and bananas.