Table of Contents
What is distant hybridization explain with example?
Crossing between two different species of the same genus or two different genera of the same family is called distant hybridization and such crosses are referred to as distant crosses or wide crosses. Wide crossing or distant hybridization has been used in the genetic improvement of some crop plants.
What do you mean by distant hybridisation?
Distant hybridization refers to crosses between two different species, genera, or higher-ranking taxa, which can break species limits, increase genetic variation, and combine the biological characteristics of existing species.
Is Wide hybridization and distant hybridization same?
Hybridization between individuals from different species, belonging to the same genus or two different genera, is termed as distant or wide hybridization… Hybridization between individuals from different species, belonging to the same genus or two different genera, is termed as distant or wide hybridization.
What type of plants are obtained by distant hybridization?
Resistance to various diseases has been achieved in several crops like wheat, cotton, tobacco, sugarcane, potato, strawberry, okra etc. through distant hybridization. Cytoplasmic male sterility has been transferred from wild species to cultivated ones in wheat, barley, cotton, tobacco, ryegrass and several other crops.
What are the types of hybridization?
The five basic shapes of hybridization are linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal, and octahedral. The geometry of the orbital arrangement: Linear: Two electron groups are involved resulting in sp hybridization, the angle between the orbitals is 180°.
How can we overcome the barriers in distant hybridization?
These barriers are known as pre –fertilization barriers. This is overcome by employing different techniques like reciprocal crosses, bridge crosses, using pollen mixtures, pistil manipulations, use of growth regulators etc. 15. HYBRID INVIABILITY This refers to the inviability of the hybrid zygote or embryo.
Why is wide hybridization necessary?
Wide hybridization is an important tool in the hands of the plant breeder and a cytogeneticist. It is the first step to transfer desirable traits from one species into another. One can apply self and other species pollen or bud pollination can be tried.
What are the different types of hybridization in biology?
Types of Hybridization:
- Hybridization may be of following types:
- (i) Intra-varietal hybridization:
- (ii) Inter-varietal or Intraspecific hybridization:
- (iv) Interspecific hybridization or intragenric hybridization:
- (v) Introgressive hybridization:
- It involves the following steps:
- (i) Selection of parents:
What are the three common types of hybridization?
sp hybridization occurs due to the mixing of one s and one p atomic orbital, sp2 hybridization is the mixing of one s and two p atomic orbitals and sp3 hybridization is the mixing of one s and three p atomic orbitals.
What is hybridization in 10th class?
Hybridisation is defined as the mixing of the atomic orbitals belonging to the same atom but having slightly different energies so that a redistribution of energy takes place between them resulting in the formation of new orbitals of equal energies and identical shape.
What is hybridization and its types in botany?
The mating or crossing of two plants or lines of dissimilar genotype is known as hybridization. The aim of hybridization may be the transfer of one or few qualitative characters, the improvement in one or more quantitative characters, or use the F1 as a hybrid variety.