Table of Contents
What molecule is responsible for genes?
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule that contains the biological instructions that make each species unique. DNA, along with the instructions it contains, is passed from adult organisms to their offspring during reproduction.
What is a gene controlled by?
By gene expression we mean the transcription of a gene into mRNA and its subsequent translation into protein. Gene expression is primarily controlled at the level of transcription, largely as a result of binding of proteins to specific sites on DNA.
What are the complex molecules that make up genes?
In short, DNA is a complex molecule that consists of many components, a portion of which are passed from parent organisms to their offspring during the process of reproduction. Although each organism’s DNA is unique, all DNA is composed of the same nitrogen-based molecules.
Which protein controls genes?
Proteins that bind DNA or RNA are usually put in different categories, but researchers recently showed how the p53 protein has the capacity to bind both and how this controls gene expression on the levels of both transcription (RNA synthesis) and mRNA translation (protein synthesis).
What molecule is the most important in genetics?
RNA is found in both the cell nucleus and the cytoplasm. The different kinds of RNA are described below. The genetic code is central to two critical functions within our cells. They are the creation of new proteins and the duplication of chromosomes during cell division.
What do most genes control?
Most genes contain the information needed to make functional molecules called proteins. (A few genes produce regulatory molecules that help the cell assemble proteins.) The journey from gene to protein is complex and tightly controlled within each cell. (Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.)
Which of the following is not controlled by the genes?
Answer: The correct answer of this question is option 1, weight of the person. Explanation: The human weight is mainly caused due to the fat deposition in the body which manipulates the total body weight.
Which type of molecule makes up DNA?
nucleotide bases
DNA is a linear molecule composed of four types of smaller chemical molecules called nucleotide bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T). The order of these bases is called the DNA sequence.
What activates a gene?
Activation of a gene — transcription — is kicked off when proteins called transcription factors bind to two key bits of DNA, an enhancer and a promoter.
What regulates gene expression?
Eukaryotic gene expression is regulated during transcription and RNA processing, which take place in the nucleus, and during protein translation, which takes place in the cytoplasm. Further regulation may occur through post-translational modifications of proteins.