Table of Contents
How does the polarity of a substance affect solubility in water?
Water is polar and polar compounds like to dissolve other polar compounds. So the more polar a compound, the more soluble it is in water.
Why is polarity important in solubility?
For a solute to dissolve the attraction to the solvent molecules must be stronger than the bonds holding the atoms/molecules of the solute together. Polar substances dissolve polar substances. e.g. Water, being polar attracts the molecules of other polar substances (e.g. HCl) and will dissolve them.
How does the polarity of the solute affect how well a solvent will dissolve the solute?
If the polarities of the solvent and solute match (both are polar or both are nonpolar), then the solute will probably dissolve. If the polarities of the solvent and solute are different (one is polar, one is nonpolar), the solute probably won’t dissolve.
How does intermolecular forces affect solubility?
Main Idea: “Like dissolves like.” The stronger the intermolecular forces between solute molecule and solvent molecule, the greater the solubility of the solute in the solvent. Between two polar molecules, the molecule with the smaller hydrocarbon portion (or the larger polar portion) is more soluble in water.
Why does polarity make water a good solvent?
Water molecules have a polar arrangement of the oxygen and hydrogen atoms—one side (hydrogen) has a positive electrical charge and the other side (oxygen) had a negative charge. This allows the water molecule to become attracted to many other different types of molecules.
Why does oil not dissolve in water according to the factors that affect solubility?
Liquid water is held together by hydrogen bonds. Oils and fats not have any polar part and so for them to dissolve in water they would have to break some of water s hydrogen bonds. Water will not do this so the oil is forced to stay separate from the water.
Why are polar molecules soluble in water?
Polar molecules attract water molecules, mainly through hydrogen bonding. They compete successfully with hydrogen bonds between the water molecules, so they are readily soluble in water.
Why is it important that water is a good solvent?
Water is called the “universal solvent” because it is capable of dissolving more substances than any other liquid. This is important to every living thing on earth. It means that wherever water goes, either through the air, the ground, or through our bodies, it takes along valuable chemicals, minerals, and nutrients.
How does stirring affect solubility?
Stirring increases the speed of dissolving Stirring does not have an affect on solubility of a substance, but everyone knows that if he puts sugar in his tea and does not stir, it will not dissolve.
How does molecular size affect solubility?
Molecular size. The larger the molecules of the solute are, the larger is their molecular weight and their size. It is more difficult it is for solvent molecules to surround bigger molecules. If all of the above mentioned factors ale excluded, a general rule can be found that larger particles are generally less soluble.
How does solute affect solubility?
Bonds and forces . The bonds and forces between these molecules of solute are one of the factors affecting solubility. Since the kind of bonds and intermolecular forces between two substances vary, the solute is known to be more soluble if it is dissolved in a likewise solvent.
How does pressure affect solubility in water?
An increase in pressure increases solubility, whereas a decrease in pressure decreases the solubility. This is summarized in Henry’s law, which states that solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure of that gas above the surface of the solution.