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How did Paul Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran find gallium?
The French chemist Paul-Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran discovered gallium in sphalerite (a zinc-sulfide mineral) in 1875 using spectroscopy. Mendeleev thought that the missing element (gallium) would be very much like aluminum in its chemical properties, and he was right.
What did Paul Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran do?
Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran, (born April 18, 1838, Cognac, Fr. —died May 28, 1912, Paris), French chemist who developed improved spectroscopic techniques for chemical analysis and discovered the elements gallium (1875), samarium (1880), and dysprosium (1886).
How did Lecoq discover gallium?
A significant achievement of Lecoq de Boisbaudran was his discovery of the element gallium in 1875. Beginning in 1874, Lecoq de Boisbaudran investigated a sample of 52 kg of the mineral ore sphalerite obtained from the Pierrefitte mine in the Pyrenees. From it, he extracted several milligrams of gallium chloride.
Which property of gallium did Mendeleev and Paul Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran initially disagree on?
For his part, Mendeleev picked apart Lecoq de Boisbaudran’s data on the new element (soon named gallium). Mendeleev claimed, largely without evidence, that the accomplished Lecoq de Boisbaudran must have made mistakes when measuring gallium’s weight and density, since they differed from Mendeleev’s predictions.
What does gallium look like?
Gallium is silvery white and soft enough to be cut with a knife. It takes on a bluish tinge because of superficial oxidation. Unusual for its low melting point (about 30 °C [86 °F]), gallium also expands upon solidification and supercools readily, remaining a liquid at temperatures as low as 0 °C (32 °F).
Who named gallium?
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Lecoq de Boisbaudran named the element after France (‘Gaul’ in Latin) and also himself, since Lecoq, which means ‘the rooster’ translates to ‘Gallus’ in Latin. A silvery metallic rooster is shown on a background of an antique map of France. Gallium is a soft, silvery-white metal, similar to aluminium.
When was europium found?
1901
Europium/Discovered
Where can you find gallium?
Gallium usually cannot be found in nature. It exists in the earth’s crust, where its abundance is about 16.9 ppm. It is extracted from bauxite and sometimes sphalerite. Gallium can also be found in coal, diaspore and germanite.
Who discovered Eka boron?
Dmitri Mendeleev
eka- + boron: the name given by Dmitri Mendeleev to the then undiscovered element at the position of scandium in his periodic table.
What did Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran do?
Paul Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran, a French chemist, was born Apr. 18, 1838. De Boisbaudran was a pioneer in spectroscopic chemistry, by which new elements can be identified in compounds when unfamiliar lines show up in the compound’s spectra. De Boisbaudran published the first French book on chemical spectroscopy, Spectres lumineux, in 1874.
When did Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran discover dysprosium?
Lecoq de Boisbaudran noted a spectral band in the yellow-green portion of the spectrum, indicative of a new element. In 1886 he succeeded in isolating a purified sample of the source of the new spectral band. He named the element dysprosium, meaning “difficult to obtain” in the Greek language.
When did Lecoq de Boisbaudran discover the element samaria?
Lecoq de Boisbaudran discovered samarium in 1879 after first isolating samarium oxide. He identified the presence of a new element by using spectroscopy to observe its characteristic sharp optical absorption lines. He named his new element “samaria” after the mineral samarskite from which it was isolated.