What carries the information to produce a polypeptide?

What carries the information to produce a polypeptide?

transfer RNA (tRNA) – a type of RNA that is folded into a three-dimensional structure. tRNA carries and transfers an amino acid to the polypeptide chain being assembled during translation. translation – the process in which a cell converts genetic information carried in an mRNA molecule into a protein.

What contains the information to produce a single protein?

The type of RNA that contains the information for making a protein is called messenger RNA (mRNA) because it carries the information, or message, from the DNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm. Translation, the second step in getting from a gene to a protein, takes place in the cytoplasm.

How is a polypeptide produced?

Polypeptide chains are formed by dehydration between the amino group of a L-amino acid4 with the carboxyl group of another. One hundred or more amino acids are linked together with covalent peptide bonds in various specific sequences in the polypeptide chain with polypeptide chains combining to form a protein.

What section of the gene creates a polypeptide?

Transcription
A gene sequence is converted into a polypeptide sequence via two processes: Transcription – making an mRNA transcript based on a DNA template (occurs within the nucleus) Translation – using the instructions of the mRNA transcript to link amino acids together (occurs at the ribosome)

How do genes code for polypeptides?

Genes that provide instructions for proteins are expressed in a two-step process. In transcription, the DNA sequence of a gene is “rewritten” using RNA nucleotides. In translation, the sequence of nucleotides in the mRNA is “translated” into a sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide (protein or protein subunit).

What carries the coded information for making specific proteins from DNA to ribosomes?

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a molecule which carries a copy of the code from the DNA, in the nucleus, to a ribosome, where the protein is assembled from amino acids.

Is combined with proteins to make ribosomes?

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) associates with a set of proteins to form ribosomes. These complex structures, which physically move along an mRNA molecule, catalyze the assembly of amino acids into protein chains. They also bind tRNAs and various accessory molecules necessary for protein synthesis.

How is information for a specific protein carried in the DNA molecule?

The information to make proteins is stored in an organism’s DNA. Each protein is coded for by a specific section of DNA called a gene. During the process of transcription, the information stored in a gene’s DNA is transferred to a similar molecule called RNA (ribonucleic acid) in the cell nucleus.

Which of them contains all the information required to fold the polypeptide chain in its 3 D structure?

Which of them contains all the information required to fold the polypeptide chain in its 3-D structure? Explanation: The native conformation of a protein is determined by its amino acid sequences.

What enzyme makes a polypeptide chain?

During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase (green) uses DNA as a template to produce a pre-mRNA transcript (pink). The pre-mRNA is processed to form a mature mRNA molecule that can be translated to build the protein molecule (polypeptide) encoded by the original gene.

How is it possible for a single gene to encode more than one polypeptide?

How is it possible for a single gene to encode more than one polypeptide? Exons in mRNA can be spliced together in different combinations. In translation, tRNA molecules bring amino acids to the ribosome.

How is a polypeptide constructed from a DNA template?

The molecule mRNA, which contains the information to make a polypeptide, is constructed from a DNA template. As part of the transcriptional unit, regulatory sequences are the sites where RNA polymerase and transcription factors bind to regulate transcription.

What is the structure of proteins and polypeptides?

Protein and Polypeptide Structure 1 Primary Structure. The primary structure of polypeptides and proteins is the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain with reference to the locations of any disulfide bonds. 2 Secondary Structure. 3 Tertiary Structure. 4 Quaternary Structure. 5 More Information.

How are peptide bonds stabilized in a polypeptide?

As with the α-helix, each peptide bond is trans and planar. The amine and carbonyl groups of peptide bonds point toward each other and in the same plane, so hydrogen bonding can occur between adjacent polypeptide chains. The helix is stabilized by hydrogen bonding between amine and carbonyl groups of the same polypeptide chain.

Which is the most stable conformation of a peptide?

There are other periodic conformations but the α-helix and β-pleated sheet are the most stable. A single polypeptide or protein may contain multiple secondary structures. An α-helix is a right-handed or clockwise spiral in which each peptide bond is in the trans conformation and is planar.