Table of Contents
- 1 What happens when DNA is transcribed and replicated?
- 2 What happens to proteins after translation?
- 3 What happens during transcription and translation?
- 4 What happens during the translation phase of protein synthesis?
- 5 Why is the word translation used for protein production?
- 6 How is mRNA translated to a protein?
- 7 What happens during replication?
What happens when DNA is transcribed and replicated?
Transcription copies the DNA into RNA, while replication makes another copy of DNA. Both processes involve the generation of a new molecule of nucleic acids, either DNA or RNA; however, the function of each process is very different, with one involved in gene expression and the other involved in cell division.
What happens to proteins after translation?
After being translated from mRNA, all proteins start out on a ribosome as a linear sequence of amino acids. Protein folding: A protein starts as a linear sequence of amino acids, then folds into a 3-dimensional shape imbued with all the functional properties required inside the cell.
Can DNA be translated into protein?
In the first step, the information in DNA is transferred to a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule by way of a process called transcription. The pre-mRNA is processed to form a mature mRNA molecule that can be translated to build the protein molecule (polypeptide) encoded by the original gene.
What happens during transcription and translation?
Transcription and translation take the information in DNA and use it to produce proteins. Transcription uses a strand of DNA as a template to build a molecule called RNA. During translation, the RNA molecule created in the transcription process delivers information from the DNA to the protein-building machines.
What happens during the translation phase of protein synthesis?
Translation occurs at the ribosome, which consists of rRNA and proteins. In translation, the instructions in mRNA are read, and tRNA brings the correct sequence of amino acids to the ribosome. Then, rRNA helps bonds form between the amino acids, producing a polypeptide chain.
What happens to proteins after they are synthesized?
After being synthesized, the protein will be carried in a vesicle from the RER to the cis face of the Golgi (the side facing the inside of the cell). As the protein moves through the Golgi, it can be modified.
Why is the word translation used for protein production?
Why is the word “translation” used for protein production? There are more than four kinds of amino acids in proteins. Each kind of amino acid must be coded for in mRNA. Thus, a short sequence of mRNA bases called a(n) ____________ is used to code for each amino acid in the translation process.
How is mRNA translated to a protein?
mRNA translation is a ubiquitous process seen in almost all biological systems. In this process, the genetic codons are translated from mRNA to protein by ribosome translocation, after the genetic information contained in DNA is transcribed to the mRNA.
How is information translated during protein synthesis?
Translation is the process by which a protein is synthesized from the information contained in a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). Then a transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule carrying the amino acid methionine binds to what is called the start codon of the mRNA sequence.
What happens during replication?
What happens during replication? During replication, the DNA molecule separates into two strands and then produces two new complementary strands following the rules of base pairing. Each strand of the double helix of DNA serves as a template, or model, for the new strand.