What is expressed in GC B cells?
POLH, LIG4, and DNaseI are required for SHM and are highly expressed in DZ B cells. FOXO1 is a key factor for maintaining the GC DZ B cell program, CCND3 is preferentially expressed in GC DZ B cells and YY1 is required for GC DZ B cell proliferation and survival.
What are Germinal Centres?
The germinal centre (GC) of lymphoid organs is the main structure where antigen-activated B cells diversify their immunoglobulin genes by somatic hypermutation (SHM) to generate high-affinity antibodies.
What happens to B cells in the dark zone?
GC B cells rapidly proliferate within the dark zone and undergo SHM to further diversify the rearranged IgV genes. Within a short time, this process results in the generation of memory B cells and plasma cells that secrete high-affinity antibodies that effectively neutralize the invading pathogen.
What are GC cells?
The germinal center (GC) is a specialized microstructure that forms in secondary lymphoid tissues, producing long-lived antibody secreting plasma cells and memory B cells, which can provide protection against reinfection.
What is Gc reaction?
The GC reaction is initiated when activated B cells move into the B-cell follicles. 2. GC B cells hypermutate the variable (V) region of their B-cell receptor (BCR) through the action of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID).
Where is the B-cell germinal center?
Germinal centers or germinal centres (GCs) are transiently formed structures within B cell zone (follicles) in secondary lymphoid organs – lymph nodes, ileal Peyer’s patches, and the spleen – where mature B cells are activated, proliferate, differentiate, and mutate their antibody genes (through somatic hypermutation …
What is B cell follicles?
B follicles are composed of a complex network of follicular dendritic cells (FDC), B cells, a particular T-cell subset and tangible body macrophages. In non-stimulated lymphoid tissue, B follicles are composed of small lymphocytes and an underlying FDC network, and indicated as primary B follicles.