Table of Contents
What is the purpose of preparing a solution?
If the amount of a substance required for a reaction is too small to be weighed accurately, the use of a solution of the substance, in which the solute is dispersed in a much larger mass of solvent, allows chemists to measure the quantity of the substance more accurately.
What is the purpose of diluting a solution?
Dilution refers to the process of adding additional solvent to a solution to decrease its concentration. This process keeps the amount of solute constant, but increases the total amount of solution, thereby decreasing its final concentration.
What is used to prepare a solution of accurately known volume?
A burette can accurately measure the volumes of a solution delivered.
What is the importance of solution in analytical chemistry?
Solutions are uniform mixtures of molecules in which any of the phases of matter can be dissolved in another phase. Whether solids, liquids, or gases, solution chemistry is important because most chemical reactions, whether in the laboratory or in nature, take place in solutions.
What is volume by volume solution?
Volume/Volume Percentage Definition Volume/volume percentage (v/v percent) is a measure of the concentration of a substance in a solution. It is expressed as the ratio of the volume of the solute to the total volume of the solution multiplied by 100.
How do you make volume from volume solution?
Calculating Percent Volume/Volume (% v/v)
- A percent v/v solution is calculated by the following formula using the milliliter as the base measure of volume (v):
- % v/v = mL of solute/100 mL of solution.
- Example:
- X % = 5.0 mL HCl/100 mL of solution.
- X/100 = 5.0/100.
- 100X = 500.
- X = 5.0% % v/v.
What are the reasons for dilution?
A dilution can be performed not only to lower the concentration of the analyte that is being tested, so that it is in range, but also to help eliminate interferences from other substances that may be present in the sample that can artificially alter the analysis.
What is the meaning of standard solution?
A standard solution is a a solution of accurately known concentration prepared from a primary standard (a compound which is stable, of high purity, highly soluble in water and of a high molar mass to allow for accurate weighing) that is weighed accurately and made up to a fixed volume.
Do you need a volumetric flask to make up a solution?
If you want to make up an accurate solution, you have to use a volumetric flask. Note: It is important to realise that when you make up 250 cm3of a solution, that you are making up a solution containing a known number of moles in 250 cm3of solution.
How is the concentration of a solution expressed?
Most commonly, a solution’s concentration is expressed in terms of mass percent, mole fraction, molarity, molality, and normality. When calculating dilution factors, it is important that the units of volume and concentration remain consistent.
What’s the best way to make a standard solution?
The most common ways of making a standard solution are the following: For solid solute, then weigh the desired amount and dissolve in enough solvent to make the appropriate solution. Use a volumetric flask, as the accuracy of the glassware will determine the number of significant figures that can be reported.
How does adding more solvent to a solution decrease its concentration?
Dilution refers to the process of adding additional solvent to a solution to decrease its concentration. This process keeps the amount of solute constant, but increases the total amount of solution, thereby decreasing its final concentration.