What is Zoogloea stage in bacteria?

What is Zoogloea stage in bacteria?

Zoogloea comes from the Greek word and translated as “living glue.” It is an aerobic, chemoorganotrophic, non-spore forming bacteria that normally exhibit as a free living in organically polluted fresh water and waste water at any range of treatment. …

Is Zoogloea pathogenic?

The Pseudomonadaceae is a family of Gram-negative bacteria that now includes four genera: Frateuria, Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas and Zoogloea. Species of these genera are common saprophytes in both fresh and marine waters and soil and are pathogenic to plants, animals and humans.

Where is Zoogloea found?

Description. Zoogloea can be found free-living in fresh waters that have been organically polluted. It can also grow in waste-water treatment at all levels. Zoogloea are aerobic, chemoorganotrophic.

How do I get rid of Zooglea?

In a low carbohydrates situation, the addition of a food supplement with high carbohydrates will increase Zoogloea population, resulting in increased EPS. The wasting of excess sludge in a wastewater plant can also assist in removing high levels of Zoogloea when excess slime is occurring.

Is Zoogloea motile?

Zoogloea caeni is a gram-negative, catalase and oxidase-positiv, facultatively aerobic, nitrogen-fixing, rod-shaped motile bacterium with a polar flagellum from the genus of Zoogloea which was isolated from activated sludge of a domestic wastewater treatment plant in Korea.

What is Zoogloeal film in microbiology?

2A mass or film of bacteria (sometimes with other microorganisms) surrounded by gelatinoid material.

What causes Zooglea?

Excessive Zoogloea is usually the result of a high F/M (food-to-microorganism ratio), especially when the wastes contain soluble, readily degraded organic compounds such as soluble sugars or simple organic acids (from septic areas). Nutrient deficiency can also be a factor, leading to slime bulking.

What is EPS in wastewater?

EPS are a complex high-molecular-weight mixture of polymers excreted by microorganisms, produced from cell lysis and adsorbed organic matter from wastewater. They are a major component in microbial aggregates for keeping them together in a three-dimensional matrix.

What causes filamentous bulking?

Filamentous bulking is caused by the proliferation of bacteria filaments that outcompete floc forming bacteria for food and occurs due to bad settling and thickening of the solids. Some filaments catch small particles during the settling process, therefore, lowering the effluent turbidity.

What is filamentous bulking?

Filamentous bulking is a major cause of activated sludge process deficiency. It arises from an overgrowth of filamentous organisms and induces important losses of biomass that considerably reduce the removal efficiency of suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nutrients.

What is Exopolysaccharide composed of?

Exopolysaccharides generally consist of monosaccharides and some non-carbohydrate substituents (such as acetate, pyruvate, succinate, and phosphate). Owing to the wide diversity in composition, exopolysaccharides have found diverse applications in various food and pharmaceutical industries.

What is an EPS in biology?

Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are polymers biosynthesized by several strains of microorganisms. Composed mainly of polysaccharides, proteins, and DNA, the production of these slimes is triggered primarily by environmental signals.

What kind of bacteria is a Zoogloea?

Zoogloea is a genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria from the family of Zoogloeaceae in the Rhodocyclales of the class Betaproteobacteria. Boden, R; Hutt, LP, Rae AW (2017).

Where can I find Zoogloea in the world?

Zoogloea can be found free-living in fresh waters that have been organically polluted. It can also grow in waste-water treatment at all levels. Zoogloea are aerobic, chemoorganotrophic. For energy they use oxidative metabolism.

How are the cells of Zoogloea ramigera arranged?

Zoogloea ramigera occur free living in organically poluted fresh water and waste water at all stages of treatment. These bacteria are arranged in sharply demarcated columns or fingers which protrude from clusters and constitute the historically recognized growth form of Zoogloea ramigera. Cells are nonpigmented.

What kind of metabolism does a Zoogloea have?

Zoogloea are aerobic, chemoorganotrophic. For energy they use oxidative metabolism. Zoogloea has been studied as a pure culture. Zoogloea range range in size between 0.5 um to 1.3. They are normally a rod-shape with flagellum.