Table of Contents
What organ does TB not affect?
This hematogenous transmission can also spread infection to more distant sites, such as peripheral lymph nodes, the kidneys, the brain, and the bones. All parts of the body can be affected by the disease, though for unknown reasons it rarely affects the heart, skeletal muscles, pancreas, or thyroid.
What is most affected by tuberculosis?
Tuberculosis mostly affects adults in their most productive years. However, all age groups are at risk. Over 95% of cases and deaths are in developing countries. People who are infected with HIV are 18 times more likely to develop active TB (see TB and HIV section below).
How does tuberculosis affect the kidneys?
Renal TB is characterized by caseous lesions that may necrose and destroy functioning renal parenchyma. Lesions heal by scarring, contraction, and fibrosis. Ureteral fibrosis may lead to strictures or hydronephrosis and obstructive uropathy. Renal TB also may present as interstitial nephritis.
Can tuberculosis affect the liver?
Tuberculosis per se can affect liver in three forms. The most common form is the diffuse hepatic involvement, seen along with pulmonary or miliary tuberculosis. The second is granulomatous hepatitis and the third, much rarer form presents as focal/local tuberculoma or abscess.
What are the symptoms of liver TB?
Table 2
| Miliary Hepatic TB | Local Hepatic TB | |
|---|---|---|
| Dissemination | Hepatic artery | Portal vein |
| Tubercle size | 0.6-2.0 mm in diameter | >2.0 mm in diameter |
| Location of tubercles | Lobules of liver | Near portal triad |
| Clinical signs/symptoms | Cough, sputum production, hepatomegaly | Weight loss, hepatomegaly, jaundice |
What is the main cause of tuberculosis?
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The bacteria usually attack the lungs, but TB bacteria can attack any part of the body such as the kidney, spine, and brain.
Where is tuberculosis found in nature?
tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB, has been the subject of much recent investigation, and it is thought that the bacteria in the genus Mycobacterium, like other actimomycetes, were initially found in soil and that some species evolved to live in mammals.
Which is part of the body does TB affect?
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The bacteria usually attack the lungs, but TB bacteria can attack any part of the body such as the kidney, spine, and brain. Not everyone infected with TB bacteria becomes sick. As a result, two TB-related conditions exist: latent TB infection (LTBI)…
How does tuberculosis spread from person to person?
Depending on the parts of the body that TB affects, a doctor may also prescribe corticosteroids. M. tuberculosis bacteria cause TB. They can spread through the air in droplets when a person with pulmonary TB coughs, sneezes, spits, laughs, or talks.
Where does TB attack?
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis . The bacteria usually attack the lungs, but TB bacteria can attack any part of the body such as the kidney, spine, and brain.
How is TB diagnosed in the human body?
It may also affect the bones, spine, brain, lymph glands, and other parts of the body. Being infected with the TB bacteria is not the same as having active tuberculosis disease. There are 3 stages of TB: exposure, latent, and active disease. A TB skin test or a TB blood test can often diagnose the infection.