Which enzyme is secreted by bacteria that can clot the fibrinogen in your blood quizlet?

Which enzyme is secreted by bacteria that can clot the fibrinogen in your blood quizlet?

Blood-clotting proteins generate thrombin, an enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin, and a reaction that leads to the formation of a fibrin clot.

Why doesn’t the influenza vaccine offer more than a few months of protection?

The bottom line Experts say this is because, unlike some other diseases, flu viruses change enough every year that the previous year’s vaccine no longer provides immunity.

How does bacteria use the host cell’s cytoskeleton to enter the cell?

Describe how bacteria use the host cell’s cytoskeleton to enter the cell. via actin-the MO’s produce surface proteins called inavsins that rearrange nearby actin filaments of the cytoskeleton. What function do capsules and M proteins have in common?

What are two cell wall components that may contribute to a bacterium’s pathogenicity?

Cell wall components are major determinants of virulence in both groups of bacteria. Endotoxin, inherent to all Gram-negative bacteria, is toxic to animals in a variety of ways. Peptidoglycan and LPS, as well as some teichoic acids, induce the alternate complement pathway leading to inflammation.

Why do many bacteria produce the enzyme coagulase as a virulence factor?

Coagulase is tightly bound to the surface of the bacterium S. aureus and can coat its surface with fibrin upon contact with blood. The fibrin clot may protect the bacterium from phagocytosis and isolate it from other defenses of the host. The fibrin coat can therefore make the bacteria more virulent.

What results when coagulase toxin is released by bacteria into your body?

However, if bacteria release coagulase into the bloodstream, the fibrinogen-to-fibrin cascade is triggered in the absence of blood vessel damage. The resulting clot coats the bacteria in fibrin, protecting the bacteria from exposure to phagocytic immune cells circulating in the bloodstream.

Why do bacteria invade cells?

Advantages of entering a human cell include (1) providing the bacterium with a ready supply of nutrients and (2) protecting the bacteria from complement, antibodies, and other body defense molecules. Flash animation of bacteria secreting invasions in order to penetrate non-immune host cells.

How will the antigenic variation contribute to the ability of bacteria to invade the host?

Antigenic variation not only enables the pathogen to avoid the immune response in its current host, but also allows re-infection of previously infected hosts. Immunity to re-infection is based on recognition of the antigens carried by the pathogen, which are “remembered” by the acquired immune response.

How do bacteria become pathogenic?

Summary: Bacteria can evolve rapidly to adapt to environmental change. When the “environment” is the immune response of an infected host, this evolution can turn harmless bacteria into life-threatening pathogens.

Does slime layer contribute to microbial pathogenicity?

If glycocalyx is more easily deformed and loosely attached to cell wall it is called slime layer, a well-organized layer, not easily washed off. The capsule is considered a virulence factor because it enhances the ability of bacteria to cause disease. General structure of a bacterium cell.