Table of Contents
- 1 Which of the following can be a pathophysiologic consequence of cardiac arrest?
- 2 What is the immediate danger of excessive ventilation during post cardiac arrest?
- 3 Which of the following signs likely indicates cardiac arrest?
- 4 What is the effect of excessive ventilation during cardiac arrest?
- 5 What is the blood pressure during cardiac arrest?
Which of the following can be a pathophysiologic consequence of cardiac arrest?
Post–cardiac arrest syndrome is a unique and complex combination of pathophysiological processes, which include (1) post–cardiac arrest brain injury, (2) post–cardiac arrest myocardial dysfunction, and (3) systemic ischemia/reperfusion response.
Which of the following signs is a likely indicator of cardiac arrest in an unresponsive patient?
Agonal gasps are considered a sign of cardiac arrest. Check breathing and pulse simultaneously. Chest compressions at 100-120 per minute. (Compressions depth decreases as rate increases.)
Which intervention is not recommended for routine use during cardiac arrest?
The routine use of magnesium for cardiac arrest is not recommended in adult patients (Class III: No Benefit; Level of Evidence C-LD). Magnesium may be considered for torsades de pointes (ie, polymorphic VT associated with long-QT interval) (Class IIb; Level of Evidence C-LD).
What is the immediate danger of excessive ventilation during post cardiac arrest?
Excessive ventilation should also be avoided because of the potential for reduced cerebral blood flow related to a decrease in PaCO2 levels. Also, excessive ventilation should be avoided because of the risk of high intrathoracic pressures which can lead to adverse hemodynamic effects during the post-arrest phase.
What can happen after cardiac arrest?
Most people who experience cardiac arrest do not survive. Among those who do, there is risk of neurologic dysfunction, brain injury, disorders of consciousness, neurocognitive deficits, changes in quality of life, as well as physical and psychological wellbeing.
How common is agonal breathing in cardiac arrest?
Recent findings Observational data indicate that agonal respirations are frequent (55% of witnessed cardiac arrests and probably higher) and that they are associated with successful resuscitation. They also are found more commonly in ventricular fibrillation compared with other rhythms.
Which of the following signs likely indicates cardiac arrest?
Call 911 or emergency medical help if you experience any of these signs and symptoms: Chest pain or discomfort. Heart palpitations. Rapid or irregular heartbeats.
What does amiodarone do in cardiac arrest?
Amiodarone has a complex effect on the heart but the main effect is to slow down the metabolism of cardiac tissue. The drug also blocks the action of hormones that speed up the heart rate. The overall effect is to slow the heart.
How do you manage cardiac arrest?
Treatments might include:
- Drugs. Doctors use various anti-arrhythmic drugs for emergency or long-term treatment of arrhythmias or potential arrhythmia complications.
- Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD).
- Coronary angioplasty.
- Coronary bypass surgery.
- Radiofrequency catheter ablation.
- Corrective heart surgery.
What is the effect of excessive ventilation during cardiac arrest?
What happens with excessive breathing is that it increases intrathoracic pressure, which reduces coronary perfusion because blood can’t flow back into the heart. “It reduces venous blood return to the heart, and reduced blood return means reduced blood outflow from the heart,” says Aufderheide.
What causes fatal heart attacks?
A heart attack occurs when one or more of your coronary arteries becomes blocked. Over time, a buildup of fatty deposits, including cholesterol, form substances called plaques, which can narrow the arteries (atherosclerosis). This condition, called coronary artery disease, causes most heart attacks.
How many chest compressions per minute after cardiac arrest?
Provide continuous chest compressions without pauses and 10 ventilations per minute. Three minutes after witnessing a cardiac arrest, one member of your team inserts an endotracheal tube while another performs continuous chest compressions.
What is the blood pressure during cardiac arrest?
The blood pressure is 92/50 mm Hg, the heart rate is 92/min, the nonlabored respiratory rate is 14 breaths/min, and the pulse oximetry reading is 97%. What assessment step is most important now? What is the preferred method of access for epinephrine administration during cardiac arrest in most patients?
What should the heart rate be on an ACLS exam?
On examination, the patient’s heart rate is 35/min, the blood pressure is 70/50 mm Hg, the respiratory rate is 22 breaths/min, and the oxygen saturation is 95%. What is the appropriate first medication? A patient with dizziness and shortness of breath with a sinus bradycardia of 40/min.