Which type of cell transport is used by mitochondria to make hydrogen ions move against their concentration gradient?

Which type of cell transport is used by mitochondria to make hydrogen ions move against their concentration gradient?

active transport
To move substances against the membrane’s electrochemical gradient, the cell utilizes active transport, which requires energy from ATP.

What type of cellular transport is used to move hydrogen ions across the membrane?

In active transport, the particles move across a cell membrane from a lower concentration to a higher concentration. Active transport is the energy-requiring process of pumping molecules and ions across membranes “uphill” against a gradient.

What transport moves H+ against its concentration gradient?

Active transport
Active transport: moving against a gradient To move substances against a concentration or electrochemical gradient, a cell must use energy.

Where in the mitochondria does electron transport occur?

inner membrane
The electron transport chain activity takes place in the inner membrane and the space between the inner and outer membrane, called the intermembrane space.

Which type of cell transport occurs when a cells membrane folds inward to bring materials into the cell?

Pinocytosis
Pinocytosis, or cellular drinking, occurs when the plasma membrane folds inward to form a channel allowing dissolved substances to enter the cell, as shown in Figure below.

Which way does the H+ pump move hydrogen ions?

Hydrogen ions flow “down” the gradient – from outer to inner compartment – through the ion channel/enzyme ATP synthase, which transfers their energy to ATP.

How does the electron transport chain pump H+?

As electrons move energetically downhill, the complexes capture the released energy and use it to pump H +start superscript, plus, end superscript ions from the matrix to the intermembrane space. This pumping forms an electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane.

What is the net electrochemical gradient movement of K+?

At equilibrium: At equilibrium, the concentration gradient of K+ is exactly balanced by the electrical potential difference across the membrane. Although K+ ions still cross the membrane via channels, there is no net movement of K+ from one side to the other.

How are hydrogen ions transported through the mitochondrial membrane?

During chemiosmosis, the free energy from the series of reactions that make up the electron transport chain is used to pump hydrogen ions across the membrane, establishing an electrochemical gradient. Hydrogen ions in the matrix space can only pass through the inner mitochondrial membrane through a membrane protein called ATP synthase.

What is the H + gradient in the mitochondria?

A H+ gradient (also called proton gradient) is therefore the concentration difference between the inner mitochondrial membrane and the outer mitochondrial membrane.

How does a cell move against a concentration gradient?

To move substances against a concentration or electrochemical gradient, the cell must utilize energy in the form of ATP during active transport. Primary active transport, which is directly dependent on ATP, moves ions across a membrane and creates a difference in charge across that membrane.

How is primary active transport related to electrochemical gradient?

Primary active transport, which is directly dependent on ATP, moves ions across a membrane and creates a difference in charge across that membrane. Secondary active transport, created by primary active transport, is the transport of a solute in the direction of its electrochemical gradient and does not directly require ATP.