Table of Contents
- 1 What are the energy molecules that convert the PGA into G3P?
- 2 What molecule does the PGA molecule turn into?
- 3 Which molecules provide energy to reduce PGA?
- 4 How are the large numbers of ATP and NADPH molecules used during the Calvin cycle consistent with the high value of glucose as an energy source?
- 5 How many ATP molecules are produced in the Calvin cycle?
- 6 What kind of energy does a molecule have?
- 7 What happens when two molecules bump into one another?
What are the energy molecules that convert the PGA into G3P?
ATP and NADPH use their stored energy to convert the three-carbon compound, 3-PGA, into another three-carbon compound called G3P.
What molecule does the PGA molecule turn into?
PGAL
The PGA molecule loses an oxygen atom as it turns into PGAL.
Why is PGA converted to G3P?
This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme rubisco. In the second stage, six ATP and six NADPH are used to convert the six 3-PGA molecules into six molecules of a three-carbon sugar (G3P). This reaction is considered a reduction because NADPH must donate its electrons to a three-carbon intermediate to make G3P.
How is G3P converted to glucose?
A G3P molecule contains three fixed carbon atoms, so it takes two G3Ps to build a six-carbon glucose molecule. It would take six turns of the cycle, or 6 CO2start text, C, O, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript, 18 ATP, and 12 NADPH, to produce one molecule of glucose.
Which molecules provide energy to reduce PGA?
Light-dependent reactions provide NADPH (electrons) and ATP (energy) to reduce PGA to PGAL.
How are the large numbers of ATP and NADPH molecules used during the Calvin cycle consistent with the high value of glucose as an energy source?
How are the large numbers of ATP and NADPH molecules used during the Calvin cycle consistent with the high value of glucose as an energy source? To reduce CO2 to glucose, a large amount of energy and reducing power are required in the form of large numbers of ATP and NADP+.
What molecule is released during photorespiration quizlet?
Photorespiration is when the enzyme Rubisco fixes oxygen instead of carbon dioxide and adds oxygen to RuBP instead of carbon dioxide. Photorespiration is inefficient because it gives off CO2 instead of fixing it, it does not produce any sugars and it wastes ATP and NADPH.
Which of the following compounds are produced during photorespiration?
Photorespiration wastes energy and steals carbon Two molecules are produced: a three-carbon compound, 3-PGA, and a two-carbon compound, phosphoglycolate.
How many ATP molecules are produced in the Calvin cycle?
18 ATP
The Calvin cycle uses 18 ATP and 12 NADPH molecules to produce one glucose molecule.
What kind of energy does a molecule have?
This is often called chemical energy. Except at absolute zero (the coldest temperature it is possible to reach), all molecules move. This movement is a form of kinetic energy, and the more the molecules move the more kinetic energy they have.
What happens to potential energy in a chemical reaction?
During chemical reactions of this type, therefore, potential chemical energy in the bonds holding the reacting molecules together, become lower energy covalent bonds in the product molecules (the amount of available energy is decreased), and at the same time the product molecules have more kinetic energy and move faster.
Where is potential energy stored in a molecule?
Energy, potential energy, is stored in the covalent bonds holding atoms together in the form of molecules.
What happens when two molecules bump into one another?
When two molecules bump into one another two things can happen. If they don’t bump too hard they will behave like small solid spheres and just bounce off, each going in its own new direction like the balls on a pool table. Some kinetic energy may be exchanged, but the total energy will stay the same.