What is meant by Southern Oscillation?

What is meant by Southern Oscillation?

Southern oscillation refers to shifting the surface air pressure between the tropical eastern Pacific and eastern Indian oceans. The changes in pressure conditions are connected to the El Nino. Hence, the phenomenon is referred to as ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillations).

What is Southern Oscillation India?

During the height of the south-west monsoon over India, the trade winds of the Southern Hemisphere are crossing the equator with maximum intensity along the coast of East Africa and into the Bay of Bengal. The flow turns eastward over the Arabian Sea and brings moisture to India.

What is Southern Oscillation CBSE 9?

Generally, when the tropical eastern south Pacific Ocean experiences high pressure, the tropical eastern Indian Ocean experiences low pressure. It is this periodic change in pressure conditions which is known as the Southern Oscillation or SO.

How does La Nina affect India?

The sea surface temperatures (SST) over the east and central Pacific Ocean become cooler than average during La Nina. This affects the trade winds flowing over the ocean surface through change in wind stress. In India, the La Nina is generally responsible for cooler than normal winters and more than normal rainfall.

What is the effect of Southern Oscillation?

ENSO is one of the most important climate phenomena on Earth due to its ability to change the global atmospheric circulation, which in turn, influences temperature and precipitation across the globe.

What causes Southern Oscillation?

These motions – rising in the west, sinking in the east – are connected through easterly trade winds near the surface and a westerly wind aloft, forming the Walker Circulation. Fluctuations in the position and intensity of the Walker Circulation cause the Southern Oscillation.

What is Southern Oscillation mention the climatic features associated with it?

El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is an irregular periodic variation in winds and sea surface temperatures over the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean, affecting the climate of much of the tropics and subtropics. The warming phase of the sea temperature is known as El Niño and the cooling phase as La Niña.

What is El Nino and La Niña examine their effects on India’s climate and rainfall?

El Nino: Strong El Nino events contribute to weaker monsoons and even droughts in India Southeast Asia. La Nina: The cold air occupies a larger part of India than the El Nino cold air. This generally benefits the Indian economy, which depends on the monsoon for agriculture and industry.

What is the role of Southern Oscillation on Indian monsoon?

The fluctuations in the Southern Oscillation index for the AS0 season appear strongly related to the nearly simultaneous monsoon rainfall of India. The monsoon rainfall for the months of June to September is the most important single factor in the agricultural economy of India.

What is the role of Southern Oscillation on Indian monsoon Class 9?

Such changes in the pressure conditions over the southern oceans also affect the monsoon. This periodic change in pressure conditions is known as the Southern Oscillation or SO. The difference in pressure over Tahiti and Darwin is computed to predict the intensity of the monsoons.

What is the importance of the Southern Oscillation Index?

The Southern Oscillation Index The Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) The Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) is a measure of the intensity or strength of the Walker Circulation. It is one of the key atmospheric indices for gauging the strength of El Niño and La Niña events and their potential impacts on the Australian region.

How does the El Nino Southern Oscillation affect the climate?

El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is an irregular periodic variation in winds and sea surface temperatures over the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean, affecting the climate of much of the tropics and subtropics. The warming phase of the sea temperature is known as El Niño and the cooling phase as La Niña.

How does the climate oscillation affect the world?

Mechanisms that cause the oscillation remain under study. The extremes of this climate pattern’s oscillations cause extreme weather (such as floods and droughts) in many regions of the world. Developing countries dependent upon agriculture and fishing, particularly those bordering the Pacific Ocean, are the most affected.

What is the climate like in the south of India?

During summer, due to over the head position of the sun, the climate in the southern parts resemble equatorial dry climate. The north Indian plains are under the influence of hot dry wind called ‘loo’ blowing from the Thar, Baloch and Iranian Deserts, increasing the temperatures to a level comparable to that of the southern parts of the country.