Table of Contents
- 1 Do muscle cells have a lot of ATP?
- 2 How much ATP does a muscle cell have?
- 3 Do liver cells use ATP?
- 4 What is the role of ATP in the muscle cell?
- 5 What process produces the most ATP for muscle contraction?
- 6 How much energy does the liver use?
- 7 How is glucose oxidized to produce 38 ATP molecules?
- 8 How many ATP molecules are produced in the anaerobic pathway?
- 9 How long does it take for aerobic respiration to produce ATP?
Do muscle cells have a lot of ATP?
Muscle cells require a lot of ATP to carry out contraction and therefore a large number of mitochondria are required to produce this ATP. Muscle cells contain actin and myosin filaments, which move in such a way that enables the muscle to contract.
How much ATP does a muscle cell have?
It is estimated that there is only about 100g of ATP and about 120g of phosphocreatine stored in the body, mostly within the muscle cells. Together ATP and phosphocreatine are called ‘high-energy’ phosphates as large amounts of energy are released quickly during their breakdown.
Do liver cells use ATP?
ATP is required for all cellular functions. When the amount of ATP is available in excess of the body’s requirements, the liver uses the excess ATP and excess glucose to produce molecules called glycogen. Glycogen is a polymeric form of glucose and is stored in the liver and skeletal muscle cells.
Why liver cells contain many mitochondria?
The liver is a central organ for the homeostasis of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins metabolism. In this context, hepatocyte mitochondria are essential in regulating the flux of metabolites in the cell in order to adjust energetic demand, ammonia detoxification, or anabolic pathways.
How do muscle cells make ATP?
Cellular respiration is the process by which cells make ATP by breaking down organic compounds from food. Muscle cells are able to produce ATP with oxygen, which is called aerobic respiration, or without oxygen, an anaerobic process called anaerobic glycolysis or fermentation.
What is the role of ATP in the muscle cell?
ATP is responsible for cocking (pulling back) the myosin head, ready for another cycle. When it binds to the myosin head, it causes the cross bridge between actin and myosin to detach. ATP then provides the energy to pull the myosin back, by hydrolysing to ADP + Pi.
What process produces the most ATP for muscle contraction?
Aerobic respiration
Aerobic respiration produces large amounts of ATP and is an efficient means of making ATP. Up to 38 ATP molecules can be made for every glucose molecule that is broken down. It is the preferred method of ATP production by body cells.
How much energy does the liver use?
Glucose 6-phosphate, as already stated, has a variety of fates, although the liver uses little of it to meet its own energy needs. Much of the glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glycogen. As much as 400 kcal (1700 kJ) can be stored in this form in the liver.
Which has more energy ATP or ADP?
Energy is stored in the covalent bonds between phosphates, with the greatest amount of energy (approximately 7 kcal/mole) in the bond between the second and third phosphate groups. Thus, ATP is the higher energy form (the recharged battery) while ADP is the lower energy form (the used battery).
What happens to ATP in a muscle cell?
When muscles contract, they break down ATP in a reaction that provides energy. However, muscle cells only store enough ATP to fuel a few seconds of maximal contraction. To keep working, they must replenish their ATP supply. They can do this for a short period of time by breaking down another high-energy compound called creatine phosphate.
How is glucose oxidized to produce 38 ATP molecules?
All together one glucose molecule is oxidized completely to produce 38 ATP molecules. In a muscle, metabolism of glucose involves two pathways namely anaerobic and aerobic pathways. Anaerobic pathway occurs in the cytoplasm and aerobic pathway occurs in mitochondria.
How many ATP molecules are produced in the anaerobic pathway?
Anaerobic pathway involves consumption of 2 ATP molecules and production of 8 ATP and thus net accounting to 6 ATP molecules. Aerobic pathway involves consumption of 0 ATP molecules and production of 30 ATP and thus net accounting to 30 ATP molecules. Totally 36 molecules are produced.
How long does it take for aerobic respiration to produce ATP?
Aerobic respiration produces ATP at the slowest rate of the three systems, but it can continue to supply ATP for several hours or longer, so long as the fuel supply lasts. So imagine that you start running. Here’s what happens: The muscle cells burn off the ATP they have floating around in about 3 seconds.