What chemical reaction is common to the synthesis of most macromolecules?

What chemical reaction is common to the synthesis of most macromolecules?

Dehydration Synthesis
Dehydration Synthesis Most macromolecules are made from single subunits, or building blocks, called monomers. The monomers combine with each other using covalent bonds to form larger molecules known as polymers.

What type of chemical reaction would be involved in the formation of glucose from starch or glycogen?

What type of chemical reaction would be involved in the formation of glucose from starch or glycogen? Hydrolysis.

What macromolecule is used to synthesize proteins?

Various types of RNA are found in living organisms: messenger RNA (mRNA) is involved in the immediate transcription of regions of DNA; transfer RNA (tRNA) is concerned with the incorporation of amino acids into proteins; and structural RNA is found in the ribosomes that form the protein-synthesizing machinery of the …

How do cells synthesize macromolecules?

Dehydration Synthesis Most macromolecules are made from single subunits, or building blocks, called monomers. The monomers combine with each other via covalent bonds to form larger molecules known as polymers. In doing so, monomers release water molecules as byproducts. In the process, a water molecule is formed.

What is a common chemical reaction mechanism by which cells make polymers from monomers?

Dehydration Synthesis The monomers combine with each other using covalent bonds to form larger molecules known as polymers. In doing so, monomers release water molecules as byproducts. This type of reaction is dehydration synthesis, which means “to put together while losing water.”

What is carbohydrate chemical reaction?

Glucose to Fructose Chemical Reaction The glycolysis cycle, which transforms glucose to pyruvate, includes the isomerization of glucose to fructose. This is accomplished by isomerizing aldehyde (hemiacetal) glucose to ketone (hemiacetal) fructose and forming a new phosphate ester.

What kind of chemical reactions happen to carbohydrates?

Disaccharides form when two monosaccharides undergo a dehydration reaction (a condensation reaction); they are held together by a covalent bond. Sucrose (table sugar) is the most common disaccharide, which is composed of the monomers glucose and fructose.

What macromolecule is polypeptide?

Proteins
Polypeptide chains are strings of amino acids, joined by peptide bonds. Proteins are formed by twisting up one or more poly peptide chains. It is the shape, or conformation, of the protein that gives it its properties. There are four levels of protein structure.

What type of macromolecule is starch?

polysaccharide
A starch macromolecule is a polysaccharide composed of thousands of glucose units. Glucose molecules can be added to starch by a condensation reaction.

What chemical equation describes a hydrolysis reaction?

Thus, if a compound is represented by the formula AB in which A and B are atoms or groups and water is represented by the formula HOH, the hydrolysis reaction may be represented by the reversible chemical equation AB + HOH ⇌ AH + BOH.

How are carbohydrates synthesized in the cell?

The synthesis of membrane carbohydrates starts in the endoplasmic reticulum, but it is in the Golgi complex where they are modified and grow by adding many new monomers to form complex carbohydrate molecules. However, most of the membrane carbohydrates are found linked to proteins, known as glycoproteins.

How are monomers used in the synthesis of macromolecules?

monomer: A relatively small molecule which can be covalently bonded to other monomers to form a polymer. Most macromolecules are made from single subunits, or building blocks, called monomers. The monomers combine with each other via covalent bonds to form larger molecules known as polymers.

How are polymers broken down into monomers in hydrolysis?

Polymers are broken down into monomers in a process known as hydrolysis, which means “to split water,” a reaction in which a water molecule is used during the breakdown. During these reactions, the polymer is broken into two components.

How does dehydration allow the synthesis of larger molecules?

Dehydration Synthesis. The removal of a hydrogen from one monomer and the removal of a hydroxyl group from the other monomer allows the monomers to share electrons and form a covalent bond. Thus, the monomers that are joined together are being dehydrated to allow for synthesis of a larger molecule.

Which is the monomer of starch and cellulose?

D) the monomer of starch is glucose, while the monomer of cellulose is galactose. E) humans harbor starch-digesting bacteria in the digestive tract. Which of the following statements conceming saturated fats is not true? A) They contain more hydrogen than unsaturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms.