What factors impact Biogeography in marine environments?

What factors impact Biogeography in marine environments?

It appears that body size, temperature, oxygen, productivity and habitat complexity affect the biogeography and species richness of taxa similarly on land and in the sea.

What is a marine biodiversity?

Marine biodiversity is an aggregation of highly inter-connected ecosystem components or features, encompassing all levels of biological organization from genes, species, populations to ecosystems, with the diversity of each level having structural and functional attributes (Table 1).

What are examples of marine biodiversity?

For example, macroalgae, seagrass and corals form large undersea forests, meadows or reefs that provide habitats for many other species such as molluscs, crustaceans and fish.

What are two reasons why marine animals are more diverse than terrestrial ones?

Organisms living in the terrestrial ecosystems are influenced far more by gravity, while water supports marine organisms. Locomotion for terrestrial organisms requires much more energy than do marine organisms just to escape from risks of predation.

What are the characteristics of marine ecosystem?

A marine ecosystem is the interaction of the community of marine organisms and their environment. Marine ecosystems are characterized by factors such as availability of light, food and nutrients. Other factors that affect marine ecosystems include water temperature, depth and salinity, as well as local topography.

What is marine biodiversity and why is it important?

Marine biodiversity, the variety of life in the ocean and seas, is a critical aspect of all three pillars of sustainable development—economic, social and environmental—supporting the healthy functioning of the planet and providing services that underpin the health, well-being and prosperity of humanity.

Why is it necessary to know the factors of marine pollution?

Pollutants in the ocean make their way back to humans. Small organisms ingest toxins and are eaten by larger predators, many of which are seafood that we eventually eat. When the toxins in contaminated animals get deposited in human tissue, it can lead to long-term health conditions, cancer and birth defects.

Why is biodiversity important in marine ecosystems?

Biodiversity is fundamental to sustain marine ecosystem services, such as food, maintenance of water quality, and recovery from perturbations (Beaumont et al., 2007; Liquete et al., 2016). Despite its important role and contribution to human wellbeing, its lost has been reported world-wide.

Where is most of the marine biodiversity found?

The ocean contains a wealth of biodiversity, and most of this diversity lives in the sunlit area called the euphotic zone (see Distribution of Life, page 45, for more information).

Which is a biotic factor in a marine ecosystem?

In a marine ecosystem, some of the biotic factor are algae, fungi, microorganisms (such as bacteria), plants, animals and corals. These living beings compete against each other for food and resources, are part of the predator-prey relation, and also include the decomposers.

Why marine biodiversity is important?

Healthy marine ecosystems are important for society since they provide services including food security, feed for livestock , raw materials for medicines, building materials from coral rock and sand, and natural defenses against hazards such as coastal erosion and inundation. …

Why is biodiversity important to the marine ecosystem?

The marine environment supplies many ecosystems that support biodiversity in coastal and open ocean habitats. Marine ecosystems provide many resources that are beneficial to society and a significant proportion of the world’s population depends intimately on the oceans and coasts for survival and well-being.

What are the major factors that affect biodiversity?

Historically, habitat and land use change have had the biggest impact on biodiversity across biomes. Climate change is projected to increasingly affect all aspects of biodiversity, from individual organisms, through populations and species, to ecosystem composition and function.

How are humans a threat to marine biodiversity?

The time when human release the species that they breed may become a threat to the marine biodiversity. Thus, they usually only release the marine animals to the nearest beach or sea with their conservation place. This act will be just fine when the conservation place is located at the marine animal native habitat that they take care of.

What are the main drivers of biodiversity loss?

Important direct drivers affecting biodiversity are habitat change, climate change, invasive species, overexploitation, and pollution ( CF4, C3, C4.3, S7 ). No single measure or indicator represents the totality of the various drivers.