What is octet rule and how is it applied to chemical bonding?

What is octet rule and how is it applied to chemical bonding?

The octet rule refers to the tendency of atoms to prefer to have eight electrons in the valence shell. When atoms have fewer than eight electrons, they tend to react and form more stable compounds. Atoms will react to get in the most stable state possible.

What is the octet rule and what is it based on?

It is based on the observation that the atoms of the main group elements have a tendency to participate in chemical bonding in such a way that each atom of the resulting molecule has eight electrons in the valence shell. The octet rule is only applicable to the main group elements.

How are the duet and octet rules used to describe the arrangement of electrons in a molecule?

The rule of duet refers to the first five elements of the periodic table. They are most stable when the 1s orbital is filled with two (duet) electrons. The rule of octet refers to the filling of the s and p orbital with eight (octet) electrons in order to become stable like a noble gas s2p6 .

What is the octet arrangement of electrons?

octet, in chemistry, the eight-electron arrangement in the outer electron shell of the noble-gas atoms. This structure is held responsible for the relative inertness of the noble gases and the chemical behaviour of certain other elements.

How is the octet rule used?

The octet rule refers to the tendency of atoms to prefer to have eight electrons in the valence shell. When atoms have fewer than eight electrons, they tend to react and form more stable compounds.

What is meant by octet rule?

The octet rule is a chemical rule of thumb that reflects the theory that main-group elements tend to bond in such a way that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell, giving it the same electronic configuration as a noble gas.

What does octet rule explain?

The octet rule states that atoms tend to form compounds in ways that give them eight valence electrons and thus the electron configuration of a noble gas. Atoms of metals tend to lose all of their valence electrons, which leaves them with an octet from the next lowest principal energy level.

Which molecule obeys the octet rule?

Dioxygen is sometimes represented as obeying the octet rule with a double bond (O=O) containing two pairs of shared electrons. However the ground state of this molecule is paramagnetic , indicating the presence of unpaired electrons.

Which are molecules disobey the octet rule?

An ion, atom, or a molecule containing an unpaired valence electron is called a free radical. These species disobey the octet rule. However, they are very unstable and tend to spontaneously dimerize.

Does CL obey the octet rule?

The chlorine atoms obey the octet rule, but the phosphorus atom does not. In a molecule of phosphorus pentachloride, P Cl5, each chlorine atom ends up with an octet of electrons (four pairs), but the phosphorus atom ends up with ten electrons (five pairs). To understand this, we need to look at the electron configuration…

What is the duplet rule in chemistry?

Active atoms tend to complete the number of electrons according to octet rule or duplet rule. The key difference between octet and duplet is that octet is an atom or an ion having a maximum of eight electrons in the outermost shell while duplet is an atom having the maximum of two electrons in the outermost shell.