What is petroleum coke made of?

What is petroleum coke made of?

Petroleum coke, or petcoke, is a product produced from all types of oil (light/heavy crudes) during the oil refining process. Many different products are extracted from a barrel of crude oil in addition to gasoline, diesel and jet fuels. Petroleum coke just one of the many.

What is the difference between coke and petroleum coke?

Petroleum coke, abbreviated coke or petcoke, is a final carbon-rich solid material that derives from oil refining, and is one type of the group of fuels referred to as cokes. (Other types of coke are derived from coal.)

Is petroleum coke bad for the environment?

Because of its relative inertness, exposure to petcoke is considered to pose few human health and environmental risks. Thus, federal law generally exempts petcoke from classification as either a solid or hazardous waste.

What is the most common use for petroleum coke?

Fuel grade petcoke is typically very high in heating value (BTUs per pound), produces virtually no ash when burned, and is most commonly used in electric power plants and cement kilns. As a carbon source, petroleum coke is used to manufacture: Energy. Steel.

What is petroleum coke use for?

Petroleum coke is a byproduct of petroleum refining, useful in the production of electrodes used as carbon anodes for the aluminum industry, graphite electrodes for steel making, as fuel in the firing of solid fuel boilers used to generate electricity, and as a fuel for cement kilns [32].

What is green petroleum coke?

Green petroleum coke is obtained from processing liquid fractions in Delayed Coking Units (UCR). It is a material with high fixed carbon content comprising hydrocarbons and low levels of inorganic compounds. Our refineries produce two types of green coke, distinguished per anode grade or metallurgical grade.

What is green needle coke?

Green needle coke is a kind of green petroleum coke,is obtained by decaying coke from the coker unit. When crude oil is converted into gasoline and jet fuels, green acicular petroleum coke is obtained as a by-product,using low sulfur content crude oil as raw material.

What is petroleum coke used for satisfactory?

It is used in the production of Aluminum Scrap. It can be burned in the Coal Generator.

What is calcined petroleum coke and how is it made?

Calcined petroleum coke is a critical ingredient in the production of aluminum. It is created by placing high quality raw “green” petroleum coke into rotary kilns, where it is heated to temperatures between 1200 to 1350 ˚C (2192 to 2460 ˚F).

What is Sponge coke?

Sponge coke is a coherent, dull black porous delayed petroleum coke in which the individual spheres are not apparent and the coke has a continuum of structure. Sponge coke may also refer to an intermediate type of coke between this and shot coke. In physical appearance, sponge coke is very porous.

What is needle coke?

Needle coke is a specialty grade of pet coke valued for its crystalline structure that makes it a good material for making electrodes. Needle coke is typically produced from a dedicated coker that uses low-sulfur FCC slurry as feedstock.

What is graphite petroleum coke?

Petroleum coke (petcoke) is the gray-to-black solid carbonaceous residue left by the destructive distillation of petroleum residua. Carbon has two natural crystalline allotropic forms: graphite and diamond. Graphite is a highly refractory material with a high melting point.

What is the composition of petcoke petroleum coke?

Composition Component Petcoke (Calcined @ 2375 °F Carbon (wt%) 98.0-99.5 Hydrogen (wt%) 0.1 Nitrogen (wt%) Sulfur (wt%)

Are there any health problems with petroleum coke?

Petroleum coke is sometimes a source of fine dust, which can penetrate the filtering process of the human airway, lodge in the lungs and cause serious health problems. Studies have shown that petroleum coke itself has a low level of toxicity and there is no evidence of carcinogenicity. Petroleum coke can contain vanadium, a toxic metal.

What kind of material is petroleum coke used for?

This coke is the product of the coker unit in a crude oil refinery. The calcined petroleum coke is used to make anodes for the aluminium, steel and titanium smelting industry. The green coke must have sufficiently low metal content to be used as anode material. Green coke with this low metal content is called anode-grade coke.

What is the ash content of petroleum coke?

Fuel-grade coke is high in heat content, typically >14,000 Btu/lb, and low in ash content, typically <1% by weight ash, as compared to coals. The high sulfur concentrations and, for many petroleum cokes, high vanadium and nickel concentrations are the less desirable characteristics of this boiler fuel.

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