Table of Contents
- 1 What is the main cause of a coma?
- 2 What part of the brain causes a coma?
- 3 What happens to the brain during a coma?
- 4 What part of the brain is responsible for waking someone up from a coma?
- 5 How long can a coma last?
- 6 What are the chances of getting out of a coma?
- 7 What causes someone to fall into a coma?
What is the main cause of a coma?
Coma is a state of prolonged unconsciousness that can be caused by a variety of problems — traumatic head injury, stroke, brain tumor, drug or alcohol intoxication, or even an underlying illness, such as diabetes or an infection. Coma is a medical emergency. Swift action is needed to preserve life and brain function.
What is the pathophysiology of coma?
The accepted pathophysiology of a coma involves neuronal dysfunction from a decrease in the supply of glucose or oxygen to the brain. A myriad of etiologies may lead to essential substrate disruption with diffuse central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction and coma as the extreme clinical condition.
What part of the brain causes a coma?
The cause of coma is diverse and follows neuronal damage to both cerebral hemispheres or to the reticular activating system in the diencephalon and brainstem. Supratentorial mass lesions cause intercompartmental brain shifts known as cingulate, central (transtentorial), or uncal herniation.
What is a coma biology?
Coma. a deep prolonged unconsciousness where the patient cannot be aroused. This is usually as the result of a head injury, neurological disease, acute hydrocephaly, intoxication or metabolic derangement.
What happens to the brain during a coma?
A coma occurs when a part of the brain is damaged, either temporarily or permanently. This damage results in unconsciousness, an inability to awake, and unresponsiveness to stimuli such as pain, sound, and light. The word “coma” is derived from the Greek word “koma,” which means “deep sleep.”
What metabolism causes coma?
Common causes of metabolic coma include diabetes, excessive consumption of alcohol, and barbiturate poisoning.
What part of the brain is responsible for waking someone up from a coma?
We now know that there are collections of nerve cells in the lower part of the brain, called the brainstem, which are responsible for maintaining a waking state.
How long can a person live in a coma?
| Coma | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Neurology, psychiatry |
| Symptoms | Unconsciousness |
| Complications | Persistent vegetative state, death |
| Duration | Can vary from a few days to several years (longest recorded is 42 years) |
How long can a coma last?
What are the signs of waking up from a coma?
Signs of coming out of a coma include being able to keep their eyes open for longer and longer periods of time and being awakened from “sleep” easier-at first by pain (pinch), then by touch (like gently shaking of their shoulder), and finally by sound (calling their name).
What are the chances of getting out of a coma?
The prognosis for a coma varies with each situation. The chances of a person’s recovery depend on the cause of the coma, whether the problem can be corrected, and the duration of the coma. If the problem can be resolved, the person can often return to his or her original level of functioning.
What drugs are used to induce coma?
The most common drugs used to induce a coma are propofol, pentobarbital, and thiopental. These drugs have a continuous effect on a patient, keeping them in a sustained state of unconsciousness that is necessary for healing to begin.
What causes someone to fall into a coma?
During a coma,a person does not react to external stimuli and they will not show normal reflex responses.
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