Table of Contents
- 1 What is the relationship between temperature and surface salinity?
- 2 How does temperature and salinity affect the density of ocean water?
- 3 How do salinity and temperature vary with depth in the ocean quizlet?
- 4 How does temperature affect ocean currents?
- 5 How are temperature and salinity related to ocean circulation?
- 6 How is the temperature of the deep ocean determined?
What is the relationship between temperature and surface salinity?
One reason why salinity and temperature are so important is because of its influence on the climate system. Increases in temperatures of surrounding entities like ice and an increase in precipitation adds fresh water into the sea, which lower salinity.
How does salinity and temperature change as you travel deeper into the ocean?
Typically, the salinity decreases from the surface ocean to deep waters is very small, from about 36 g/L (ppt) at the surface to 35 g/L (ppt) in the deep water, thus there is a very small density decrease with depth given a constant temperature. The salinity of seawater also affects it’s freezing point temperature.
How does temperature and salinity affect ocean currents?
When the water molecules of the ocean become heated, they expand. Since warmer water thus can hold more salt and other molecules than cold water; it can have a higher salinity. To relate this to ocean currents, the higher the salinity of ocean water, the more dense it becomes.
How does temperature and salinity affect the density of ocean water?
Ocean water gets more dense as temperature goes down. So, the colder the water, the more dense it is. Increasing salinity also increases the density of sea water. Temperature has a greater effect on the density of water than salinity does.
Does salinity decrease with temperature?
With increasing temperature, salinity decreases….and conversely, with decreasing temperature, salinity increases.
What is salinity and temperature?
Salinity is a measure of how much salt there is in water. Salinity and temperature affect the density of sea water. Salinity is a measure of how much salt there is in water. Salinity and temperature affect the density of sea water.
How do salinity and temperature vary with depth in the ocean quizlet?
Rainfall decreases salinity near the surface, while evaporation increases salinity in the warm, dry areas. Below the surface zone, salinity remains fairly constant throughout the water column. Pressure increases with depth. As you descend through the water column, the water temperature decreases.
What happens to the temperature as the distance from the ocean increases?
Explanation: The water of sea or ocean gets heated and cools down slowly in comparison to land. As we know that water absorbs more sun heat than the land. So, when the distance from the sea or ocean increases, the temperature gradually decreases as the land cools down fast.
How do temperature and salinity differences cause vertical ocean currents?
Currents may also be caused by density differences in water masses due to temperature (thermo) and salinity (haline) variations via a process known as thermohaline circulation. These currents move water masses through the deep ocean—taking nutrients, oxygen, and heat with them.
How does temperature affect ocean currents?
Water expands when it warms up – heat energy makes its molecules move around more and take up more space. When water cools, it contracts and becomes denser. Temperature and salinity both affect the density of water, resulting in water moving up or down through the ocean layers and moving as currents around the ocean.
How does salinity affect the density of the ocean water?
The density of seawater depends on temperature and salinity. Higher temperatures decrease the density of seawater, while higher salinity increases the density of seawater. Seawater will become stratified with less dense water on the surface and more dense water below it.
What is salinity and temperature of the ocean?
| Variable | Ocean Range | Ocean Mean |
|---|---|---|
| Temperature | -2°C to 40°C | 3.5°C |
| Absolute Salinity | 0 g/kg to 42 g/kg | 34.9 g/kg |
| Pressure | 0 dbar to 11000 dbar | 1850 dbar |
| In-situ Density | 1000 to 1060 kg/m3 | 1036 kg/m3 |
Two of the most important characteristics of seawater are temperature and salinity – together they control its density, which is the major factor governing the vertical movement of ocean waters. Temperature Distribution in the Ocean The temperature of seawater is fixed at the sea surface by heat exchange with the atmosphere.
How does temperature and salinity affect the density of water?
The warmer the water, the more space it takes up, and the lower its density. When comparing two samples of water with the same salinity, or mass, the water sample with the higher temperature will have a greater volume, and it will therefore be less dense.
What is the average salinity of the sea water?
This effect is prominent in estuaries and other areas near river exits. Additionally, sea salinity variation is caused by temperature, pressure, and depth. The average surface salinity of seawater is 35 ppt, or 3.5%.
How is the temperature of the deep ocean determined?
This narrow range is maintained throughout the deep oceans, both geographically and seasonally, because it is determined by the temperature of the cold, dense water that sinks at the polar-regions and flows towards the Equator. Vertical distribution of temperature in the deep ocean is controlled by density driven water movements.