Table of Contents
Where did the Umayyad Caliphate rule?
What lands did it rule? The Umayyad Caliphate expanded the Islamic Empire into one of the largest empires in the history of the world. At its peak, the Umayyad Caliphate controlled the Middle East, parts of India, much of North Africa, and Spain.
What city was the capital city of the Umayyad Caliphate?
Damascus
Harran
Umayyad Caliphate/Capitals
What city did the early caliphs rule?
The Abbasid caliphs established the city of Baghdad in 762 CE. It became a center of learning and the hub of what is known as the Golden Age of Islam.
Which was the capital of the first Umayyad caliph?
Damascus
One of these governors, Mu’awiya I, fought the First Muslim Civil War in 661 and established the Umayyad Caliphate with its capital in Damascus, Syria.
What was the capital city of the Umayyad dynasty?
When was Damascus the capital of Umayyad caliphate?
Umayyad Caliphate
| Umayyad Caliphate ٱلْخِلَافَة ٱلْأُمَوِيَّة | |
|---|---|
| The Umayyad dynastic color was white | |
| The Umayyad Caliphate in 750 CE | |
| Status | Empire |
| Capital | Damascus (661–744) Harran (744–750) |
How many caliphs were there during Umayyad rule?
four caliphs
The Umayyads were the first Muslim dynasty, established in 661 in Damascus. Their dynasty succeeded the leadership of the first four caliphs—Abū Bakr, ʿUmar I, ʿUthmān, and ʿAlī.
How many caliphs were there during the Umayyad rule?
Which countries or places of the world were ruled by the Umayyad dynasty?
The region of Syria remained the Umayyads’ main power base thereafter, and Damascus was their capital. The Umayyads continued the Muslim conquests, incorporating the Transoxiana, Sindh, the Maghreb and the Iberian Peninsula (Al-Andalus) under Islamic rule.
Where did the Umayyad caliphate dynasty move the Islamic capital to?
Umayyad dynasty, (661–750) First great Muslim dynasty. It was founded by Muʿāwiyah I, who triumphed over the Prophet Muhammad’s son-in-law, ʿAlī, to become the fifth caliph. He moved the capital from Medina to Damascus and used the Syrian army to extend the Arab empire.
When did the Umayyad Caliphate come to an end?
It succeeded the Rashidun Caliphate when Muawiyah I became Caliph after the First Muslim Civil War. Muawiyah I established his capital in the city of Damascus where the Umayyads would rule the Islamic Empire for nearly 100 years. The Umayyad Caliphate was brought to an end in 750 CE when the Abbasids took control. What lands did it rule?
Where did the Umayyads set up their kingdom?
One of the Umayyad leaders, Abd al Rahman, escaped to the Iberian Peninsula (Spain) where he established his own kingdom in the city of Cordoba. There the Umayyads continued to rule portions of Spain until well into the 1400s.
Who was the Governor of Syria during the Umayyad Caliphate?
When Umar’s overall commander of the province Abu Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah died in 639, he appointed Yazid governor of Syria’s Damascus, Palestine and Jordan districts. Yazid died shortly after and Umar appointed his brother Mu’awiya in his place.
What was the social class of the Umayyad Caliphate?
The Umayyad Caliphate had four main social classes: Muslim Arabs Muslim non-Arabs (clients of the Muslim Arabs) Dhimmis, non-Muslim free persons (Christians, Jews, Zoroastrians, and others) Slaves
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