Why should parenteral be isotonic?

Why should parenteral be isotonic?

Isotonicity is important for parenteral preparations because the possibility that the product may penetrate red blood cells and cause hemolysis is greatly reduced if the solution is isotonic with blood i.e., the cells maintain their “tone”.

Why are isotonic intravenous solutions used?

IV solutions are another method to treat patients and are used to replace and control fluid and electrolyte levels in the body. Isotonic IV solutions restore fluid volume because they fill the tissues and maintain fluid volume more effectively than hypertonic or hypotonic solutions.

Why is it important to inject an isotonic solution?

It is important for IV to be isotonic to your blood so it doesn’t change the concentration of different molecules in the bloodstream. the cell wall will start to shrink, due to loss of the fluid. High osmotic pressure with allow fluids to pull fluids out of the cell.

Why is an isotonic solution used to treat dehydration?

Hypotonic • A hypotonic solution shifts fluid out of the intravascular compartment, hydrating the cells and the interstitial compartments. Isotonic • Because an isotonic solution stays in the intravascular space, it expands the intravascular compartment. then carry carbon dioxide back to the lungs.

Why are isotonic solutions important in pharmaceutical formulation?

It is important for a solution to be isotonic with a bodily fluid to prevent irritation and cell damage, and to maximise drug efficacy.

What are the advantages of parenteral drug administration?

Advantages

• Can be used for drugs that are poorly absorbed, inactive or ineffective if given orally.
• The IV route provides immediate onset of action.
• The intramuscular and subcutaneous routes can be used to achieve slow or delayed onset of action.
• Patient concordance problems can be avoided.

Why isotonic IV solutions are the most commonly utilized IV solutions for fluid resuscitation and maintenance?

For both categories, the rapid infusion of isotonic saline is indicated for resuscitation (e.g., 500 ml in 10 min, repeated as needed). Isotonic IV fluids expand the intravascular compartment more effectively than hypotonic IV fluids.

When would you use isotonic hypertonic and hypotonic solutions?

We give them an isotonic solution to try to expand the volume of their blood but we don’t want it to necessarily move solvent out of the vein into their tissues. Conversely the hypotonic solution is used when we need to put fluids into the cells for example if your patient is in Diabetic Ketoacidosis and HERE.

Why are IV fluids isotonic?

Most IV fluids are isotonic, meaning, they have the same concentration of solutes as blood plasma. When infused, isotonic solutions expand both the intracellular fluid and extracellular fluid spaces, equally. Such fluids do not alter the osmolality of the vascular compartment.

What is the importance of tonicity?

Having a good understanding of tonicity gives a good insight into how dehydration can affect the cells of the body. An isotonic solution is best because the osmotic pressure within and outside the cell is equal, so there is no net movement of water and the cells will retain their shape and function.

What is isotonic solution according to pharmaceutics?

ISOTONIC SOLUTIONS  “When two solutions have same osmotic pressure and salt concentration are said to be isotonic solutions”. Iso (same) and tonic (concentration).  Physiologically, isotonic solutions are solutions having the same osmotic pressure as that of the body fluids when separated by a biological membrane.

Why is parenteral route used?

Route of administration Parenteral therapy (which may be i.m. or i.v.) is preferred for therapy of serious infections because high therapeutic concentrations are achieved reliably and rapidly.